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General information on the Bahamas

The Commonwealth of the Bahamas is located in the Atlantic Ocean, east of Florida, north of Cuba and in the Caribbean and consists of 700 islands.

The Bahamas archipelago has a total land area of ​​5,382 square kilometers and a population of approx. 310,000 concentrated in the islands of New Providence and Grand Bahama.

The islands have a subtropical climate, moderated by the Gulf Stream. Nassau is the capital and largest city, located in New Providence. The largest island is Andros Island. Freeport is the second largest city located on the island of Grand Bahama. The Caicos Islands and the Turkic Islands in the southeast are not part of the Commonwealth of the Bahamas.

The subtropical to tropical climate is significantly moderated by the waters of the Gulf Stream, particularly in winter. Summer and fall is hurricane season.

It is believed that Christopher Columbus first landed on the island of San Salvador in the southeast of the Bahamas and exchanged gifts with the Amerindians (Taino, also known as Lucayan).

The Taino Indians moved into the southern Bahamas around the 7th century AD and became the Lucayans. They were deported to Hispaniola as slaves and Taino societies ceased to exist as a separate population due to forced labor, war, disease, emigration and marriage within 2 decades.

The Bahamian islands were deserted, after the Lucaians were destroyed, until the English colonists arrived from Bermuda in 1650. These people established settlements on the island now called Eleuthera.

In 1718, the Bahamas became a colony of the British crown. It remained unsettled until the United States expelled thousands of American Tories and their slaves. About 8,000 British Loyalists moved to the Bahamas in the late 1700s from New York, Florida, and the Carolinas.

Internal self-government was granted by the British in 1964. In 1973, the Bahamas achieved full independence while remaining a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. But the country still faces challenges in areas such as education, health care, correctional facilities and violent crime and illegal immigration. Today, the country enjoys the third highest per capita income in the Western Hemisphere due to an urban renewal project to help impoverished urban areas in social decay on the main islands.

Some say the name “Bahamas” derives from the Spanish for “shallow sea”. Others trace it to the Lucayan word for Grand Bahama Island.

About 85% of the Bahamian population is black. The next largest population group are whites at 12%. Almost all the inhabitants speak English, being the official language. A considerable number also speak Haitian Creole, Spanish and Portuguese.

Christianity is the main religion in the islands, with the Baptist forming the largest denomination (about a third), followed by the Anglican and Roman Catholic Churches.

A large number of immigrants from Haiti, Cuba, the Dominican Republic and Jamaica practice Obeah, a spiritistic religion similar to Voodoo. While well known throughout the Bahamas, obeah is avoided by many people.

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